2. Hiragana ひらがな
“ひらがな(Hiragana)” is the most basic Japanese writing system.
The Hiragana characters are simplified from Kanji characters.
They indicate pronunciations.
There are 5 vowels and 10 consonants.
And there are some voiced consonants and some contracted sounds.
Japanese pronunciation is not difficult for English speakers.
It is easy to learn.
1. Seion(清音、せいおん): Basic characters
あ | い | う | え | お |
a | i | u | e | o |
か | き | く | け | こ |
ka | ki | ku | ke | ko |
さ | し | す | せ | そ |
sa | shi | su | se | so |
た | ち | つ | て | と |
ta | chi | tsu | te | to |
な | に | ぬ | ね | の |
na | ni | nu | ne | no |
は | ひ | ふ | へ | ほ |
ha | hi | fu | he | fo |
ま | み | む | め | も |
ma | mi | mu | me | mo |
や | ー | ゆ | ー | よ |
ya | – | yu | – | yo |
ら | り | る | れ | ろ |
ra | ri | ru | re | ro |
わ | ー | ー | ー | を |
wa | – | – | – | wo |
ん | ||||
n |
2. Dakuon( 濁音、だくおん): Voiced consonants
が | ぎ | ぐ | げ | ご |
ga | gi | gu | ge | go |
ざ | じ | ず | ぜ | ぞ |
za | ji | zu | ze | zo |
だ | ぢ | づ | で | ど |
da | ji | zu | de | do |
ば | び | ぶ | べ | ぼ |
ba | bi | bu | be | bo |
ぱ | ぴ | ぷ | ぺ | ぽ |
pa | pi | pu | pe | po |
3. Youon(拗音、ようおん): Contracted sounds
きゃ | ー | きゅ | ー | きょ |
kya | – | kyu | – | kyo |
しゃ | ー | しゅ | ー | しょ |
sha | – | shu | – | sho |
ちゃ | ー | ちゅ | ー | ちょ |
cha | – | chu | – | cho |
にゃ | ー | にゅ | ー | にょ |
nya | – | nyu | – | nyo |
ひゃ | ー | ひゅ | ー | ひょ |
hya | – | hyu | – | hyo |
みゃ | ー | みゅ | ー | みょ |
mya | – | myu | – | myo |
りゃ | ー | りゅ | ー | りょ |
rya | – | ryu | – | ryo |
ぎゃ | ー | ぎゅ | ー | ぎょ |
gya | – | gyu | – | gyo |
じゃ | ー | じゅ | ー | じょ |
ja | – | ju | – | jo |
びゃ | ー | びゅ | ー | びょ |
bya | – | byu | – | byo |
ぴゃ | ー | ぴゅ | ー | ぴょ |
pya | – | pyu | – | pyo |
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